Suchergebnisse

"This book discusses whether criminal law theory, or law theory more generally, can be regarded as a branch of science. The issues addressed in this book are following: Is the criminal law scholarship which obviously informs the legal system itself a form of science, and in what sense? Can there be systemic developments in criminal law theory? This question is coming more pressing as interdisciplinary approaches have increased influence in the field. More than that, the question will also have implications for our understanding of legal theory more generally. An innovative, important addition to how criminal law and theory should be viewed."--

This book is the result of an academic project, funded by the Hercules Programme of the European Commission to study legislation dealing with crimes against the Financial Interest of the EU awarded to the Department of European and Comparative Law within the Faculty of Laws of the University of Malta. The study deals with the notion of criminal law at the European Union level as well as the relationship between the EU legal order and the national legal order. The focus of the study is on the development of EU criminal legislation aimed at protecting the financial interests of the EU, with a focus on cybercrime, fraud and public spending. It starts with the current legal basis in the TFEU, followed by the development of EU legislation in the area as well as the legislation of relevant bodies, such as EPO, OLAF and EUROPOL.0The study tackles how this legislation is being received by the national legal orders, whereby eleven EU Member States are selected based on size, geography and legal systems. These Member States are France, Ireland, Croatia, Estonia, Germany, Italy, Malta, Spain, Latvia, Greece and Poland. A comparative study is made between those sections of EU criminal law dealing with the financial interests of the EU in these Member States to analyse the current legislation and propose future developments. The study, which is led by the editors based at the University of Malta, studies the subject from a European perspective. Besides the European perspective, the study focus on national case-studies, followed by a comparative analysis

AbstrakTulisan ini mengkritisi kriminalisasi oleh legislator ditinjau dari perspektif Teori Hukum Pidana. Keputusan legislator untuk mengkriminalkan suatu tindakan melalui undangundang perlu dibatasi karena sangat mempengaruhi kebebasan individu. Di negara berdasarkan pada asas the Rule of Law (negara hukum), pembatasan kekuasaan legislator bersifat niscaya. Khusus terkait dengan keputusan legislator dalam melakukankriminalisasi, bentuk pembatasan tersebut dapat dilakukan salah satunya dengan jalan membedakan antara kriminalisasi yang legitimate dengan kriminalisasi yang tidak legitimate. Melakukan pembedaan tersebut merupakan salah satu bidang kajian dari Teori Hukum Pidana dengan tujuan supaya undang-undang pidana yang dihasilkan dalam proses kriminalisasi mengandung kebenaran. AbstractThis article tries to criticize the legistature's decision to criminalize from the Criminal Law Theory perspective. The legislatures decision to criminalize needs to be limited because it has great impacts over civil liberties. According to the Rule of Law principle, the limitation over legislative power is inescapable. Specifically related to the legislature's decision to criminalize, the forms of limitation can be undertaken by differentiate between the legitimate criminalization and the illegitimate criminalization. Doing this differentiation is analytically one of the main concerns of the Criminal Law Theory in order to satisfy that the criminal law resulted from the criminalization process is really needed.

Summary
The meaning of the general principles of EU law has been broadly developed by the Court of Justice of the European Union; however, for many years it had only limited competence in deciding criminal cases. The principle of direct effect is important for ensuring the efficient functioning of EU law. The aim of this research is to find out if and how this principle affects criminal justice. To reach this objective, the researchers examine how the substance and content of the principle, through the doctrine and the judgments of Court of Justice of the European Union, can influence national criminal law and criminal procedure. Afterwards, the actual impact of EU law on national criminal law is evaluated, taking Lithuania as an example. The analysis reveals that direct application of directives in material criminal law is highly unlikely, while in criminal procedural, law such a possibility is real if EU norms are clear, unconditional, and precise.